UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL, AIR BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) DAN FRAKSI-FRAKSINYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Infection is a disease caused by the entry of a pathogenic microorganism in the body's
tissues. One of the bacteria that can cause infection is Staphylococcus aureus. Beans are one
of the plants that contain alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins. Which is believed to inhibit the
growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This study aims to determine the antibacterial
activity of extracts and its fraction on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at
concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Bean powder was remacerated with 70% ethanol for 3
days, and the extract obtained was subjected to fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate,
and water using a separating funnel. The antibacterial activity on the extract and each
fraction was made with a concentration of 5, 10, and 15% using the agar well method.
Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) as a negative control and ciprofloxacin 0.005% as a positive
control. Antibacterial activity was measured using the inhibition zone diameter of bacterial
growth. The results showed that the average inhibition zone diameter of ethanol extract, nhexane
fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of beans at concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%
respectively were of 0.842; 0.935 and 1.042 cm. The n-hexane fraction is 0.595; 0.787; and
0.947 cm. Ethyl acetate fraction of 0.926; 1,008 and 1,049 cm. Whereas the water fraction
does not provide antibacterial activity. The contact bioautography test results showed that
alkaloid compounds, flavonoids and saponins were able to inhibit the growth of
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The conclusions of this study are ethanol extract, n-hexane
fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of chickpeas having antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, but the water fraction has no antibacterial activity against S.
aureus; there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between the extract, n-hexane fraction,
ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction.